Precision shunt reference for 5 V and higher rails
The ±1% initial tolerance means you can hold a 5 V output within 50 mV without trimming — useful in isolated flyback supplies, battery chargers, and industrial control loops where the reference sets the regulation point.
Output current and cathode bias — what they mean for loop stability
Rated for 100 mA continuous output current, the TL431AIDG4 can sink enough current to drive the optocoupler LED in a feedback loop or pull down a pass-transistor base. The minimum cathode current is 700 µA — stay above that to keep the reference in its linear region; a bias resistor from the cathode to the supply rail is the usual fix. The 8-SOIC package keeps the thermal path short; at 100 mA and 36 V the dissipation is 3.6 W, so a copper pour under the package helps.