12 ns speed — the timing closure ceiling
The GAL16V8Z-12QP: The 12 ns propagation delay sets the maximum combinational logic path the part can close — a signal through the device takes up to 12 ns from input to registered output, which governs the clock rate the rest of the board can run. Eight macrocells give the logic capacity for glue-logic consolidation: address decoding, state machines, or bus-interface translation in a single 20-pin DIP.
