What this LVDS receiver does on the board
It converts four differential LVDS signal pairs into single-ended CMOS outputs, rated for a 155 Mbps data rate per channel.
155 Mbps and the 3.3 V rail — what they mean for fit
The 155 Mbps per-channel data rate is the maximum toggle rate for the differential inputs; a backplane or cable link running at 100 MHz clock or 100Base-FX/LVDS serial video will have margin. Four receivers in one package saves board space versus discrete comparators or multiple single-channel parts.