The 8.192 V level is a standard reference for many 12-bit and 16-bit ADCs and DACs that use a 8.192 V full-scale input — the output code maps directly without scaling resistors. The shunt architecture means it operates like a two-terminal Zener: it draws the current set by the series resistor from cathode to ground. The minimum cathode current is 100 µA, and the maximum continuous output current is 15 mA. The design must ensure the cathode current stays within that window across the full input voltage and load range. For a 12-bit system with an 8.192 V reference, the LSB is 2 mV — the noise is roughly 6.5% of one LSB, which is acceptable for most industrial control and instrumentation applications without additional filtering.
Temperature range and package — board-fit considerations
The SOT-23-3 package (TO-236-3 / SC-59) is a three-lead surface-mount footprint with 0.95 mm pitch. It is pin-compatible with other SOT-23 shunt references in the LM4040 family, which matters when qualifying a replacement from surplus stock.