4.096 V shunt reference — the ADC bias anchor
It delivers a stable output with ±1% initial tolerance and a temperature coefficient of 150 ppm/°C, making it a straightforward choice for biasing the reference input of an ADC or setting a precision threshold in a comparator circuit.
Error budget: tolerance plus drift
At 25 °C the output is within ±1% of 4.096 V — roughly ±41 mV. That is adequate for an 8-bit or low-end 10-bit ADC reference; for a 12-bit system you would stack the error budget and may want a tighter grade.
Shunt topology: cathode current and load
As a shunt reference, the LM4040D41IDBZRG4 regulates by sinking current through the cathode. The minimum cathode current is 88 µA; the maximum continuous output is 15 mA. The series resistor from the supply to the cathode must be sized to deliver at least 88 µA to the reference plus the load current, while keeping the total below 15 mA at the maximum supply voltage.
Supplied in a SOT-23-3 surface-mount package (also listed as TO-236-3 / SC-59), on Tape & Reel.