2.5 V shunt reference, ±0.5% — what the tolerance buys you
The LM4040C25QDBZRG4 is a fixed 2.5 V shunt reference from TI's LM4040 family. It delivers a stable output with ±0.5% initial accuracy and a 100 ppm/°C temperature coefficient, making it a fit for ADC references, comparator thresholds, and regulator feedback dividers that need better than 1% end-of-life accuracy.
Shunt topology — the resistor matters more than you think
Being a shunt reference, it sinks current through a series resistor from the supply. The cathode current range is 80 µA minimum to 15 mA maximum — size the bias resistor so the device always sees at least 80 µA at minimum supply and maximum load, or the output drops out of regulation. That's clean enough for a 12-bit ADC reference; for 16-bit or higher, you'll want to add a band-limiting capacitor across the device.
TI lists the LM4040C25QDBZRG4 as Active.
