2.048V shunt reference with ±0.1% initial accuracy
The Texas Instruments LM4040AIZ-2.0/NOPB is a precision shunt voltage reference delivering a fixed 2.048V output with ±0.1% initial tolerance — a common reference level for 12-bit and 16-bit ADC/DAC systems where the full-scale range aligns with 2.048V. The shunt topology means it operates like a two-terminal Zener, requiring only a series resistor from the supply to bias the 65 µA minimum cathode current. Output current is rated to 15 mA, so it can also supply a small load directly, though in most precision applications it drives the high-impedance reference input of an ADC.
Wideband noise is specified at 35 µVrms over the 10 Hz to 10 kHz band — low enough that it does not dominate the LSB noise floor of a 12-bit ADC with a 2.048V reference (1 LSB ≈ 500 µV). For a 16-bit system where 1 LSB is about 31 µV, that drift eats into the error budget, so this part fits best in 12-bit or moderate-accuracy 14-bit designs unless the ambient temperature is stable.
Through-hole TO-92-3 — board-fit note
The TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) package is a three-lead through-hole form factor with 0.100-inch (2.54 mm) lead spacing. It is a standard footprint for voltage references and small-signal transistors, so board layout is straightforward. The bulk shipping medium means parts arrive in anti-static tubes or bags, not tape-and-reel — plan for manual or tube-fed insertion rather than automated pick-and-place.