What this current-sense amp does on your board
The Texas Instruments INA180A2IDBVT is a single-channel current-sense amplifier that measures voltage across a shunt resistor and outputs a rail-to-rail voltage proportional to the load current. It runs on a supply span from 2.7 V to 5.5 V, draws 260 µA quiescent, and handles the -40°C to 125°C industrial range — so it fits motor-drive phase monitoring, DC-DC converter output sensing, and battery-management loops where the ambient is hot and the board has no fan.