The MAX13082EESA+T is a half-duplex RS-485/RS-422 transceiver from Analog Devices, packing one driver and one receiver into an 8-pin SOIC. It runs on a 4.5V to 5.5V supply and handles data at 250 kbps — a speed well matched to industrial fieldbus links, building automation, and motor drive comms where the cable run is tens to hundreds of metres. The 100 mV of receiver hysteresis cleans up noise on long twisted-pair lines, so you get a cleaner idle bus without external biasing.
At 250 kbps this part sits in the classic 'slew-limited' RS-485 tier. It is not the high-speed 10 Mbps+ part for backplane or motion-control networks; it is the one you pick when you want controlled edge rates that keep EMI low over long cable runs. If your application needs 1 Mbps or higher, you are looking at a different part in the MAX1308x family. For Modbus RTU at 115.2 kbps or Profibus at 187.5 kbps, this is right on the money.
The 4.5V to 5.5V supply means it runs off a standard 5V rail; do not try to feed it 3.3V, because the supply minimum is 4.5V. That 5V-only requirement is the main compatibility gate for mixed-voltage designs.