What this MK20FX512VLQ12 brings to the board
The NXP MK20FX512VLQ12 is a Kinetis K20-series 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller running at 120 MHz. It carries 512 KB of Flash program memory, 128 KB of RAM, and a useful 16 KB of EEPROM on-chip — that last item saves you an external serial EEPROM on the BOM.
120 MHz Cortex-M4 — what that means for throughput
The 120 MHz core handles real-time control loops and moderate DSP tasks without a separate coprocessor.
Memory map and the EEPROM advantage
The 128 KB RAM supports double-buffered data acquisition or a small display frame buffer. The 16 KB EEPROM is the standout: it is true EEPROM, not emulated Flash, so you can write single bytes without erase cycles. That saves an external 24LCxx part and the I²C traffic. For calibration constants or fault logs that get written thousands of times, this is the right part.